Lesson 27. 병치, 도치 구문
1. 병치
A 접속사 B
A=B [문장구조, 품사]
2. 도치
주어 동사의 순서가 바뀌는 것
1] be/ 조동사는 직접
2] 일반동사는 do/ does/ did + 주어 + 동사 원형
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1. 병치 구문
1] 병치 구문은 같은 품사끼리 연결
-Martina's experience and qualification make her the perfect candidate.
-She will read and edit the articles for the next issue.
'extra issue 호외 [issue 잡지의 '호']
-The hotel offers clean and spacious rooms.
-Please fill out the forms accurately and carefully.
Q. They speak both kindly and [attractive/ attractively].
A deadly but [effective/ effectively] way.
명사 + ly = 형용사/ 형용사 + ly = 부사 [lively a.]
2] 병치 구문은 같은 구조끼리 연결
A. 동명사 구
Traveling for business and staying in hotels become familiar after a while.
B. To 부정사구
We need to wash the dishes and [to] take out the trash.
C. 전치사구
The police officers standing at the entrance and in the lobby work for the governor.
D. 명사절
Jerry asked me what type of paper I want and how much I need.
2. 도치 구문
- 가정법 문장에서 if가 생략되면 도치가 일어난다.
시제 도치 전 도치 후
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미래 *** If 주어 should + 동.원 Should 주어 + 동.원, S+ V
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과거 If 주어 were, Were 주어 + 보어
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과거완료 If 주어 had p.p Had 주어 p.p
**** Had 주어 been p.p
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● 가정법 미래
If clients should have a question, S+ V
-> Should clients have a question, S+ V
Q.
___ you need any help, please call me.
a. Did b. Have c. Although d.Should
● 가정법 과거완료
If I had had enough money, I could have bought that car.
-> Had I had enough money, I could have bought that car.
Q.
____ I reviewed the report carefully, I could have found the typo.
a. If b. Have c. having d. Had
● 부정어 [ never, nor, hardly, seldom, rarely, little ] 도치
1] Be/ 조동사 직접
Never he is aware of -> Never ___ he aware of
Never he can understand -> Never ___ he understand
Never he has known -> Never ___ he known
2] 일반동사는 do/ does / did + 주어 + 동사 원형
Never he knows -> Never ___ he know
Never he knew -> Never ___ he know
We had never experienced such incredible success.
-> Never had we experienced such incredible success.
● So + V + S => 긍정, Neither + V + S => 부정
She is hungry -> So, ___ I
Max can drive a car -> So, ___ I
My sister has seen this movie -> So ___ I ***
[have/ has/ had + p.p]
● 일반동사는 do/ does/ did 주어
Max has a car -> So ___ I / So ___ she.
Sharon is not hungry -> Neither ___ I.
Gil can't smoke -> Neither ___ I.
My parents haven't seen this movie . -> Neither ___ I.
[have / has/ had + p.p]
● 일반동사는 do/ does/ did + 주어
Gil doesn't have a car -> Neither do I.
Gil didn't like her -> Neither did I.
-The main store extended its business hours, and so did all its branches.
[=all its branches also did]
-Ms. Chang doesn't like the manager's proposal and neither do I.
[ I also don't like ]
***
● S + V, 접 ___ V+ S.
- 앞이 긍정이면 : so
- 앞이 부정이면 : neither
- 동사 주의!
● [only + 부사 (구, 절)] 가 문장 맨 앞으로 나오면 도치
Cynthia has only lately shown better work performance.
-> Only lately has Cynthia shown.
Only lately / recently / then V + S : only + 부사구 => 바로 도치
Only when / after / before S + V, V + S
: only + 시간의 부사절일 경우 => 부사절이 아니라 주절의 주어, 동사 도치
***
1] There is/ was/ remains/ exists [단수 동사] + 단수 주어
There are / were/ remain /exist [복수 동사 ] + 복수 주어
There is / are a book on the table.
There is / are books on the table.
2] Enclosed / attached / Included V + S : 동봉된/ 첨부된/포함된
[Attachment / Attached] is a brochure.
3] S + V, as V + S => ~ 와 마찬가지로
Alice hopes to get her work done quickly, as do most of her colleagues.
As 1. 시간
2. 이유
3. ~하는 대로 as [it was] mentioned/ stated
4. 동의 '~과 마찬가지로' => 도치가 된다
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primarily : firstly
primarily 주로, 근본적으로
The new laptop computers are primaily marketed to business users.
-근본적이고 주된 목적, 내용을 말할 때 사용.
-chiefly, mainly와 의미 같다.
......
firstly 우선, 첫째로
Firstly, the graphic artist will present a number of options for the new logo design.
= in the first place
cf] lastly 마지막으로
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continually : lastingly
continually 계속해서
The new manager is continually giving orders to the staff.
.........
lastingly 지속적으로
last v. 효과나 효력이 지속되다. -> lasting a.
Sarah was lastingly affected by the motivational speaker's words.
-효과 등이 오랫동안 유지되는 것을 의미
-Lastingly affected by Gil.
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