15강- 형용사
【출제 포인트】
1.형용사의 역할(형명보: 형용사는 명사를 꾸며주며 보어로 사용된다.)
2.수량 형용사: many vs much
3.혼동하기 쉬운 형용사: managerial(관리자의) vs manageable(통제할 수 있는)
4.Be 형용사 숙어
be about to+동사 원형
be subject to+목적어
1)~되어 질 수 있다 2)~의 여부에 달려있다
【형용사 자리】: ‘형명보’ 1)_____N_____→ 명사 수식
① 형용사+명사
Travelers will receive the final confirmation for their trip on Monday.
② 형용사+복합명사
John was praised for his incredible job performance during the advertising campaign.
③ 명사+형용사
The bank makes every effort possible to ensure the safety of the cashiers.
* 형용사가 뒤에 오는 경우: 주격 관계대명사와 be동사 생략
make every effort (which is) possible
ex)possible, available, suitable, responsible, appropriate
* 후치수식 형용사
① cost-effective, brand new: 관용표현
② -one/-body/-thing+형용사
③ afraid/asleep/alive
④ available/possible
ex)The most expensive car available
⇒ 추가자료
2)Be/연결동사_____→ 주격 보어
It is necessary to be imaginative when writing children’s literature.
3)KFCLMC(Keep, Find, Consider, Leave, Make, Call)+목적어+_____→ 목적격 보어
Natural fibers make clothes comfortable.
【수량표현】 * 가산명사, 불가산 명사 앞에 오는 수량 형용사 단수
복수
불가산
a/an
one
each
every
another
many
a few/few/fewer
one of/each of the
several/various/both
a number of 수많은
a variety of 다양한
a couple of 몇몇의
a majority of 대다수의
much
a little
little
less
a great deal of
a good deal of
a large amount of 복수/불가산
모든 명사 앞에
all[부대형복불]
more[복불]
most[부대형복불]
other[복불형]
a lot of
lots of
plenty of
cf)a lot(부사)
the
some
any
* 해석 주의!
some money
(약간의 돈)
some books
(몇 권의 책들)
some book
(어떠한 책)
(Much, Many) students live in dormitories on campus.
Customers were provided (few, little) assistance by the clerk.
* 수량표현과 한정사(전체 중에 일부를 나타내는 표현. 형용사/대명사) one/two/three[수]
both/either/neither[수]
some/any[수/양]
many/a few/few[수]
much/a little/little[양]
each/several[수]
all/most/half[수/양]
of(~중에)
① 관사 the
② 지시형용사 this/that/these/those
③ 소유격
+ 명사
-가산 명사
some friends[형]
some of the/these/my friends are[대]
-불가산명사
some money[형]
some of the/this/my money is[대]
* 출제 포인트
① all/both/half는 of빼고 사용가능
all of the people→ all the people
all of these problems→ all these problems
all of my colleagues→ all my colleagues
② of다음에 복수명사가 오면 of앞의 대명사에 수일치
some of the cars are
one/each of the cars is
③ of다음에 불가산명사가 오면 무조건 단수 취급
all of the money is
most of the information is
④ every of는 없다.
‘every one of+명사’는 가능
-every one of the books is[one=book]
-every one of the candidates[one=candidate]
⑤ 수량표현과 명사 사이에 of와 the는 하나라도 빠질 수 없다.
Some (of, the, of the)equipment in the factory is very out-of-date.
some books(형)→ ○
some of books(대)→ ×
some of the/these/my books(대)→ ○
【혼동하기 쉬운 형용사】
1)informative(유익한) VS informed(정통한, 알고 있는)
It is vital to keep staff (informative, informed)about any scheduling changes.
We found the seminar (informative, informed). 2)considerable(상당한) VS considerate(사려 깊은)
Gil is very (considerable, considerate). ⇒ 추가자료
【형용사 VS 현재분사 VS 과거분사】
※한정사 + 1)형용사 2)~ing 3)p.p 4)명사 + 명사
the extension number: 내선 번호
the extended deadline: 연장된 마감 시한
the extensive experience: 풍부한 경험 【‘be+형용사’숙어】
1)be about to+동사원형: 막 ~하려고 하다
Passengers are asked to go to Gate 23 as the flight is about to depart.
2)be subject to+목적어(명사/동명사): ~되어 질 수 있다, ~여부에 달려 있다
The itinerary is subject to change.
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【형용사 관련 문제】
1. While most customers recognize the _____ value of purchasing products in bulk, many lack the storage space for them. (A) economize (B) economy (C) economically (D) economical
[정답] (D) economical
[해석]대부분의 고객들이 알고 있지만 / 경제 가치를 / 제품을 구매하는 것의 / 대량으로 / 많은 사람들은 저장 공간이 부족하다 / 그것들을 위한
[어휘]while ~하지만 / customer 소비자 / recognize ~를 알다, 인정하다 / economical 경제의 / value 가치 / purchase 구매하다 / product 제품 / in bulk 대량으로 / lack ~가 부족하다 / storage 저장 / space 공간
[해설]
1)economical(형): 경제적인, (돈을)절약하는
2)lack
①명사(불가산/가산단수)
②동사(타동사)
Lack of space ~has forced~
Lacking(×)
To lack(×)
Having lacked(×)
2. According to a survey by the Health and Wellness Institute, a _____ of Americans strive to eat vegetables regularly. (A) major (B) majoring (C) majors (D) majority
[정답] (D) majority
[해석]설문조사에 따르면 / Health and Wellness Institute에 의한 / 대부분의 미국인들은 / 야채를 먹으려고 노력한다 / 규칙적으로
[어휘]according to ~에 의하면 / survey 설문조사 / a majority of 대부분의 / strive to R ~하려고 노력하다 / vegetable 야채 / regularly 규칙적으로
[해설]
1)major
①동사: major in(전공하다)
②명사: 전공, 소령
③형용사: 주요한
2)strive to R(○)/ing(×)
3)a(the) majority of 복수명사 복수동사
3. As the temporary replacement for a vacationing supervisor, Mr. Lang put in _____ effort to do the job well. (A) considerable (B) consideration (C) considerably (D) considerate
[정답] (A) considerable
[해석]임시 대체인원으로서 / 휴가중인 상사를 위한 / Mr. Lang은 / 상당한 노력을 기울였다 / 일을 잘 수행하기 위하여
[어휘]temporary 임시의 / replacement 대체, 대체인원 / vacation 휴가, 휴가를 떠나다 / supervisor 감독관, 상사 / put in effort 노력을 기울이다 / considerable 상당한
[해설]
1)considerable: 상당한
ex)considerable(=significant=substantial) increase/growth
2)considerate: 사려심 있는
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【어휘편- 동사 관련 어구2-1】
1)fill out: 작성하다, ~에 기입하다
Individuals who wish to apply for a gym membership should fill out an application form.
* 동의어: fill in, complete an application form
2)turn in: 제출하다
Employees planning to take extended leave should turn in requests two months in advance.
* 동의어: hand in, submit
3)sing up for: ~에 등록하다
Homeowners are encouraged to sign up for the realtors’ seminar on property taxes.
* 동의어: enroll in, register for
4)take place: 진행되다, 열리다
A conference call between the Hong Kong and Singapore branches will take place tomorrow.
* 동의어: be held
5)take time off(to do): (~하기 위해)시간을 내다
Professor Collins took time off to participate in an archaeological dig in Africa.
* 동의어: leave, vacation, break
6)take over: (업무 등을)인계받다, (가게 등을)양도받다, 인수하다
Due to Karen Wilkins’ recent promotion, Brad Messier will take over the shipping department.
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