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 | 22강- 관계절 【관계절의 자리와 쓰임】
1)관계절의 자리: 주어와 동사 사이나 문장의 끝 ① 주어와 동사 사이 The students whom Ms. Henderson taught were from Japan. ② 문장의 맨 마지막 I didn’t get a copy of the report which was handed out yesterday.
2)관계절의 동사 자리에 준동사, 명사, 부사는 불가 The university will contact those who (passing, pass) the entrance exam.
3)주격 관계대명사의 수일치 [N who/which/that+동사] ex)Anyone who is/Those who are
【관계대명사의 선택과 격】 1)관계대명사의 선택: 선행사가 사람이면 who(m), 사물이면 which
※ that은 콤마, 전치사 다음에는 사용 불가
2)관계대명사의 격 ① 주격 I haven’t met the woman who is speaking at the podium. The train which is at platform 9 is heading for Vienna. ② 목적격 The man whom/who/that I introduced to you is my boss. Eva accepted the promotion which her supervisor offered. ③소유격(형용사 역할) [N whose N+완벽한 문장] I visited my friend, whose apartment is nearby. -I have a car. Its color is red.→ I have a car whose color is red. -I have a car. Everybody likes its color.→ I have a car whose color everybody likes. -I have a car. Everybody likes its beautiful design.→ I have a car whose beautiful design everybody likes.
* 가장 많이 출제되었던 구조!: ‘N whose N be+pp’ Gil and Sharon, the writers whose books were selected for the Book of the Year, are now rich.
【전치사+관계대명사】 [I interviewed a woman.]+[I had previously met with her.] → I interviewed a woman whom/that I had previously met with. → I interviewed a woman with whom I had previously met. * 전치사가 도치 되면 ‘whom, which’만 사용 가능
【수량 표현+관계대명사】 [The class has 20 students.]+[All of the students are boys.] → The class has 20 students, and all of them are boys. → The class has 20 students, all of whom are boys.
1)N(사람)all/some/most of _____동사: whom There were 50 attendees, all of whom are male. 2)N(사물)all/some/most of _____동사: which I bout the books, some of which are comics. 【관계대명사의 생략】
1)주격 관계대명사의 생략 ① N(주격 관계대명사+be)과거분사 The location which was selected for the construction is~ → The location selected for the construction is~
② N(주격 관계대명사+be)형용사 The person who is responsible for reservations~ → The person responsible for reservations~
* 후치 수식해주는 형용사: available, possible, suitable, appropriate ex)The candidates suitable for the job will~ ③ N(주격 관계대명사+be)전치사구 The parking lot which is near our office is~ → The parking lot near our office is~
Those who are on duty→ Those on duty~ Those who are in need→ Those in need~
2)목적격 관계대명사의 생략 N+who(m)/which/that+주어+동사 → N(목적격 관계대명사)S+V ex)The car (that) I like/I am looking for/I am interested in
【관계부사】 1)관계부사의 종류
2)관계부사의 특징 ① 접속사+부사의 역할 ② 완벽한 문장이 온다.
Friday is the final day when discounts are offered. The apartment where I live has a gym and swimming pool. Olivia didn’t give me a reason why she changed the terms of the contact. It is important to find out (the way/how) the equipment works before using it.
3)관계부사=전치사+관계사 The building where(=in which)the employees work is safe and secure. The date when(=on which)I started this job was February 28.
4)관계부사 다음에는 완전한 절, 관계대명사 다음에는 불완전한 절 There was a time when this restaurant served hundreds of customers each day. That is the woman who complained about her order. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【관계절 관련 문제】 Some company executives are visiting the site on _____ the new headquarters are going to be built.
[정답] (A) which
[어휘]
[해설] 1)관계부사=전치사+관계대명사(on which=where) 2)관계대명사 that: ①전치사 다음 × ②,(comma)다음 × ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【어휘편- 유사의미동사2】 1)lend:loan:borrow:rent
① lend: 빌려주다, 대출하다 Shopright Program members should not lend the discount card to anyone.
* 출제포인트 -물건이나 돈을 빌려주다 -lend me some money→ lend some money to me
② loan: 대출하다, 빌려주다 The government will loan approximately $4 billion to struggling automakers.
* 출제포인트 -자금 등을 빌려주는 것을 의미 -loan them some money
③ borrow: 빌리다 The city council will borrow funds to pay for the redevelopment of the harbor area.
* 출제포인트 -돈, 물건 등을 빌려오는 것을 의미 -borrow money
④ rent: (요금을 내고)빌리다, (요금을 받고)빌려주다 The firm rented several apartments for the overseas representatives to use.
* 출제포인트 -차량이나 집 등을 정기적 요금을 내고 빌리거나 요금을 받고 빌려 주는 것을 의미한다. -rent[명]: 임대료
2)note:notify:announce:reveal
① note: 유념하다, 주목하다, 유의하다, 언급하다 The clerk told the customers to note that the store would be closed for two days.
* 출제포인트 -mention(언급하다) -write down(받아 적다) -be reminded(유의하다)
② notify: ~에게 통지하다 Westerland Investments notified its shareholders of the proposed merger.
* 출제포인트 -notify/inform/apprise A of/about B⇒ 3형식 -notify/inform/apprise A that S+V⇒ 4형식
③ announce: 발표하다, 알리다 Ms. Wilkins announced to her team that the CEO had tendered his resignation.
* 출제포인트 announce (to 사람) that절: (~에게) -을 발표하다
④ reveal: 밝히다, 누설하다 The company representative revealed the release date of the new mobile device to members of the press.
* 출제포인트: ‘The survey reveals/indicates/shows/suggests that~’
3)expire:invalidate ① expire: (계약․유효기간이)만기가 되다 The motorist was issued a driver’s license that will expire in four years.
* 출제포인트 It will expire soon.=It will be no longer valid/effective.
② invalidate: (계약․법을) 무효화하다 The lease was invalidated as the landlord did not comply with the agreement terms.
* 출제포인트: expire(자동사) VS invalidate(타동사) |
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