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22강- 관계절

 

-관계절의 자리와 쓰임

 

1)관계절의 자리: 주어와 동사 사이나 문장의 끝

① 주어와 동사 사이

The students whom Ms. Henderson taught were from Japan.

② 문장의 맨 마지막

I didn’t get a copy of the report which was handed out yesterday.

 

2)관계절의 동사 자리에 준동사, 명사, 부사는 불가

The university will contact those who (passing, pass) the entrance exam.

 

3)주격 관계대명사의 수일치

[N who/which/that+동사]

ex)Anyone who is/Those who are

 

-관계대명사의 선택과 격

 

that은 콤마, 전치사 다음에는 사용 불가

 

2)관계대명사의 격

 

① 주격

I haven’t met the woman who is speaking at the podium.

The train which is at platform 9 is heading for Vienna.

② 목적격

The man whom/who/that I introduced to you is my boss.

Eva accepted the promotion which her supervisor offered.

③소유격(형용사 역할)

[N whose N+완벽한 문장]

I visited my friend, whose apartment is nearby.

 

-I have a car. Its color is red.→ I have a car whose color is red.

-I have a car. Everybody likes its color.→ I have a car whose color everybody likes.

-I have a car. Everybody likes its beautiful design.→ I have a car whose beautiful design everybody likes.

 

-‘N whose N be+pp’

Gil and Sharon, the writers whose books were selected for the Book of the Year, are now rich.

 

전치사+관계대명사

 

[I interviewed a woman.]+[I had previously met with her.]

→ I interviewed a woman whom/that I had previously met with.

→ I interviewed a woman with whom I had previously met.

* 전치사가 도치 되면 ‘whom, which’만 사용 

 

-수량 표현+관계대명사

 

[The class has 20 students.]+[All of the students are boys.]

→ The class has 20 students, and all of them are boys.

→ The class has 20 students, all of whom are boys.

 

1)N(사람)all/some/most of _____동사: whom

There were 50 attendees, all of whom are male.

 

2)N(사물)all/some/most of _____동사: which

I bout the books, some of which are comics.

 

-관계대명사의 생략

 

1)주격 관계대명사의 생략

① N(주격 관계대명사+be)과거분사

The location which was selected for the construction is~

→ The location selected for the construction is~

 

② N(주격 관계대명사+be)형용사

The person who is responsible for reservations~

→ The person responsible for reservations~

 

- 후치 수식해주는 형용사: available, possible, suitable, appropriate

ex)The candidates suitable for the job will~

 

③ N(주격 관계대명사+be)전치사구

The parking lot which is near our office is~

→ The parking lot near our office is~

 

Those who are on duty→ Those on duty~

Those who are in need→ Those in need~

 

2)목적격 관계대명사의 생략

N+who(m)/which/that+주어+동사 → N(목적격 관계대명사)S+V

ex)The car (that) I like/I am looking for/I am interested in

 

-관계부사

 

1)관계부사의 종류

선행사

관계부사

시간: day, year, time

when

이유: the reason

why

장소: place

where

방법: the way

how(the way와 같이 ×)

 

2)관계부사의 특징

① 접속사+부사의 역할

② 완벽한 문장이 온다.

 

Friday is the final day when discounts are offered.

The apartment where I live has a gym and swimming pool.

Olivia didn’t give me a reason why she changed the terms of the contact.

It is important to find out (the way/how) the equipment works before using it.

 

3)관계부사=전치사+관계사

The building where(=in which)the employees work is safe and secure.

The date when(=on which)I started this job was February 28.

 

4)관계부사 다음에는 완전한 절, 관계대명사 다음에는 불완전한 절

어휘편- 유사의미동사2

 

1)lend:loan:borrow:rent

 

① lend: 빌려주다, 대출하다

-물건이나 돈을 빌려주다

-lend me some money→ lend some money to me

 

② loan: 대출하다, 빌려주다

-자금 등을 빌려주는 것을 의미

-loan them some money

 

③ borrow: 빌리다

-돈, 물건 등을 빌려오는 것을 의미

-borrow money

 

④ rent: (요금을 내고)빌리다, (요금을 받고)빌려주다

-차량이나 집 등을 정기적 요금을 내고 빌리거나 요금을 받고 빌려 주는 것을 의미

-rent[명]: 임대료

 

2)note:notify:announce:reveal

 

① note: 유념하다, 주목하다, 유의하다, 언급하다

-mention(언급하다)

-write down(받아 적다)

-be reminded(유의하다)

 

② notify: ~에게 통지하다

-notify/inform/apprise A of/about B⇒ 3형식

-notify/inform/apprise A that S+V⇒ 4형식

 

③ announce: 발표하다, 알리다

announce (to 사람) that절: (~에게) -을 발표하다

 

④ reveal: 밝히다, 누설하다

The survey reveals/indicates/shows/suggests that~

 

3)expire:invalidate

① expire: (계약․유효기간이)만기가 되다

It will expire soon.=It will be no longer valid/effective.

 

② invalidate: (계약․법을) 무효화하다

expire(자동사) VS invalidate(타동사)