1. to 부정사 자리
[1] 주어 자리
To become an architect is my goal.
[2] 목적어 자리
I want to become an architect.
[3] 보어 자리
My dream is to become an architect.
[4] 수식어 자리
I have studied to become an architect.
2. to 부정사 역할
[1] 명사 역할 : 동사하기, 동사 하는 것
To arrive on time is very important.
Jennifer refused to change her opinion.
Her goal is to hand in reports this week.
[2] 형용사 역할 : 동사 할, 동사해야 할, 동사하기 위한
Ms. Akashi has an urgent meeting to attend.
[3] 부사 역할 : 하기 위해서
To buy supplies, we need approval from the director.
3. to 부정사를 필요로 하는 동사들
[1] 동사 + to 부정사
agree, hope, promise, choose, learn, refuse, decide, offer, want, fail, plan, wish
The congressmen agreed to aid small enterprises.
Some people refuse to pay their income taxes.
[2] 동사 + 목적어 + to 부정사
ask, invite, remind, encourage, permit/allow, want, force, persuade, warn
The manager encouraged us to think creatively.
The guard allowed me to enter the building.
4. 동명사 자리
[1] 주어 자리- 문장 맨 앞에
[2] 목적어 자리- 동사 뒤에
[3] 보어 자리- be동사 뒤에
[4] 전치사 뒤- without, on, by 등 전치사 뒤에
※ 예외
- 전치사 뒤에 to부정사가 올 수 있는 경우
be about to동사: 막 동사할 참이다
She is about to cry.
5. 동명사를 필요로 하는 동사들
[1] 동사 + 동명사
avoid, enjoy, postpone, consider, finish, recommend, deny, give up, suggest
The entrepreneur considered buying the hotel.
Teenagers enjoy listening to music online.
☆ 중요 개념!!
문장이 능동일 때 목적어 자리에 to부정사를 쓸 수 없다.
[2] 동사 + 동명사 / to 부정사
attempt, hate, love, begin, intend, prefer, continue, like, start
They continued producing textiles.
They continued to produce textiles.
6. 동명사를 포함하는 표현들
[1] 동명사의 관용 표현
It is no use –ing
feel like –ing
be busy –ing
go –ing
be capable of –ing
keep(on) -ing
be worth –ing
on –ing
have difficulty(in) -ing
spend+시간/돈+ -ing
I feel like having pizza.
I had difficulty communicating in English.
We spent a lot of time collecting information.
[2] ‘전치사 to + 동명사’표현
be committed to –ing
contribute to –ing
be devoted to –ing
look forward to –ing
be used to –ing
object to –ing
I look forward to meeting you.
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